对中西公共服务医疗口译的学生关于非语言交流的建议

En los últimos años, España ha pasado de ser un país "del que emigrar al que inmigrar" y, ante el aumento de la inmigración, la labor de los intérpretes es cada vez más importante. En segundo lugar, la asistencia sanitaria es siempre un tema importante e indispensable en nuestra vida cotidiana. En tercer lugar, para los intérpretes sanitarios, la lengua va unida a la cultura o a la inversa, y a ciertos niveles resulta imposible pasar de una lengua a otra sin tener en cuenta la cultura. Por último, las diferencias en la comunicación no verbal son también una causa de conflictos y malentendidos en la comunicación intercultural. El objetivo principal de esta investigación es ofrecer un material de estudio sobre la comunicación no verbal para los estudiantes de interpretación en los servicios públicos en la combinación chino-español. Este proyecto se basa en la clasificación de la comunicación no verbal indicada por Rulicki y Cherny (2010), utilizan do el enfoque de estudio comparativo de casos. La hipótesis que planteamos es que, en el ámbito sanitario, existen algunas recomendaciones sobre la comunicación no verbal que los estudiantes de interpretación en los servicios públicos en la combinación chino-español deberían tener en cuenta. Para confirmar esta hipótesis trataremos lo siguientes puntos: i) presentaremos el marco teórico en el que se encuadra nuestra comunicación, ii) creamos un corpus iii) analizamos y comparamos entre la bibliografía china y la española para escribir ejemplos de posibles malentendidos con el fin de dar recomendaciones. Por último, los resultados confirman la hipótesis de que, si hemos de dar unas recomendaciones, puesto que existen muchas diferencias entre comunicación no verbal china y española, y resulta que es crucial para el trabajo de los intérpretes sanitarios.首先，近年来，随着国与国之间的交流逐渐密切，西班牙迎来了大量的移民。口译员的工作也变得越来越重要。其次，医疗始终是我们日常生活中不可缺少的重要问题。第三，对于医疗口译者来说，语言与文化是相辅相成的，反之亦然，在某些层面上，如果不考虑文化因素，就不可能从一种语言转换到另一种语言。 最后，非语言交流的差异也是跨文化交流中产生冲突和误解的原因之一。 本研究的主要目的是为中西公共服务口译的学生提供非语言交流的学习材料。本论文以 Rulicki 和 Cherny（2010）指出的非语言沟通的分类为基础，采用比较案例研究法。 我们提出的假设是，在医疗领域中，有一些关于非语言交流的建议是中西公共服务口译的学生应该考虑到的。 为了证实这一假设，我们将进行以下几点：i）撰写理论框架，ii）创建语料库 iii）分析和比较中国和西班牙的文献，给出可能存在误解的实例，以便提出建议。最后，研究结果证实了我们给出相关建议的必要性。因为中国和西班牙的非语言交流存在很多差异，而这些差异对医疗口译员的工作至关重要Máster Universitario en Comunicación Intercultural, Interpretación y Traducción en los Servicios Públicos. Especialidad en chi-esp (M196

Clinical significance of circulating tumor cells in predicating the outcomes of patients with colorectal cancer

Background: Relapse and metastasis of patients with Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is the major obstacle to the long-term life of patients. Its mechanisms remain defined. Methods: A total of 48 CRC patients were enrolled and 68 samples were obtained from the peripheral blood of patients before or after treatments in this study. Twenty non-cancer patients were also detected as a negative control. Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs), including Epithelial CTCs (eCTCs), Mesenchymal (MCTCs), and epithelial/mesenchymal mixed phenotypes (mixed CTCs), were identified by CanPatrolTM CTC enrichment and RNA in situ hybridization. The relationship between CTCs number and Progression-Free Survival (PFS) or Overall Survival (OS) was evaluated. Results: Thirty-four of 48 patients (70.8%) were found to have positive CTCs. Total CTCs and MCTCs in the post-treatment had a significant correlation PFS and OS. When total CTCs or MCTCs in 5 mL blood of patients were more than 6 CTCs or 5 MCTCs, PFS of the patients was significantly shorter (p < 0.05) than that in patients with less than 6 CTCs or 5 MCTCs. The patients with > 5 CTCs count changes were found to exhibit poor PFS and OS rates (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Total CTCs and MCTCs number detection in patients with colorectal cancer was very useful biomarker for predicting the prognosis of patients. Higher CTCs or MCTCs had poorer PFS and OS rates

Evaluating the expression of heat shock protein 27 and topoisomerase II α in a retrospective cohort of patients diagnosed with locally advanced breast cancer and treated with neoadjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapies

BackgroundNeoadjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy (NAC) is a major regimen for the treatment of local advanced breast cancer (LABC), while resistance to NAC remains a paramount clinical obstacle. To investigate the role of heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27) and/or topoisomerase IIα (TopoIIα) in LABC patients treated with NAC, we performed this retrospective study.MethodsAssociations of Hsp27 transcripts with clinic-pathological characteristics, survival and drug response were investigated in public databases. Hsp27-related genes were identified, followed by functional enrichment analyses. Besides, two protein-protein interaction networks were built. Then, tumors from 103 patients who were diagnosed with LABC and received NAC were collected, and Hsp27 and TopoIIα were examined by Immunohistochemistry (IHC). Chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests were performed, as well as survival analyses.ResultsEither at the transcriptional level in public databases or at the protein level tested by IHC, a high level of Hsp27 was associated with aggressive tumor characteristics such as lymph node invasion and chemotherapy resistance. Hsp27-related genes mostly involved in the metabolic pathway and the gamete generation biological process. An elevated Hsp27 indicated a poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer (log-rank test P = 0.002 and 0.004 for disease-free survival [DFS] and overall survival [OS], respectively), while it might not be an independent predictor. Of note, tumors with high TopoIIα expression (TopoIIα+) was less likely to express Hsp27 (Hsp27+), in contrast to those with TopoIIα negativity (31.1% vs. 86.2%, P<0.001), and survival analyses revealed that patients with Hsp27+ and TopoIIα- tumors had a significantly lower DFS and OS (log-rank test P < 0.001 and 0.001, respectively), in contrast to the other three groups.ConclusionsHsp27 was associated with aggressive breast cancers and more predictable for the prognosis of LABC patients treated with NAC when concomitantly considering TopoIIα expression

Nomenclatural and taxonomic notes on Rubus davidianus Kuntze and R. viburnifolius Franch

Critical examinations of specimens, with literature reviews, have shown that Rubus davidianus is conspecific with R. lambertianus. Therefore, we treat R. davidianus as a new synonym within Rubus. We propose a new name, Rubus loirensis Ti R. Huang nom. nov. to replace the later homonym of R. pycnanthus Genev. Additionally, lectotypification of three names, R. davidianus Kuntze, R. malifolius Focke and R. viburnifolius Franch., are designated here after examination of previous works

Simulation of the Thermal Behavior and Analysis of Solidification Process During Selective Laser Melting of Alumina

Selective laser melting (SLM) has rapidly developed in the past decade. High precision-complex ceramics parts can be directly fabricated using this technology. To study the thermal behavior of molten pools in the selective laser melting of alumina （Al2O3）, we established a three-dimensional model based on ANSYS. Then, combined with simulation results, the physical phenomena during the rapid solidification process were discussed. The simulation results showed that the laser power and scanning speed exerts a marked influence on the maximum temperature, liquid lifetime, dimensions, and temperature gradient of the molten pool. Owing to the different temperature gradients in the molten pool, the thermal capillary force on the free surface varies. As a result, a slight difference exists between the stripy solidification structures. Different orientations of columnar crystals can be obtained. The underlying mechanism controls the direction of the temperature gradient with suitable processing routes, such as decreasing the scanning speed.Mechanical Engineerin

Use of indocyanine green for detecting the sentinel lymph node in breast cancer patients: from preclinical evaluation to clinical validation.

Assessment of the sentinel lymph node (SLN) in patients with early stage breast cancer is vital in selecting the appropriate surgical approach. However, the existing methods, including methylene blue and nuclides, possess low efficiency and effectiveness in mapping SLNs, and to a certain extent exert side effects during application. Indocyanine green (ICG), as a fluorescent dye, has been proved reliable usage in SLN detection by several other groups. In this paper, we introduce a novel surgical navigation system to detect SLN with ICG. This system contains two charge-coupled devices (CCD) to simultaneously capture real-time color and fluorescent video images through two different bands. During surgery, surgeons only need to follow the fluorescence display. In addition, the system saves data automatically during surgery enabling surgeons to find the registration point easily according to image recognition algorithms. To test our system, 5 mice and 10 rabbits were used for the preclinical setting and 22 breast cancer patients were utilized for the clinical evaluation in our experiments. The detection rate was 100% and an average of 2.7 SLNs was found in 22 patients. Our results show that the usage of our surgical navigation system with ICG to detect SLNs in breast cancer patients is technically feasible

Synthesis and Applications of SAPO-34 Molecular Sieves

Silicoaluminophosphate zeolite (SAPO-34) has been attracting increasing attention due to its excellent form selection and controllability in the chemical industry, as well as being one of the best industrial catalysts for methanol-to-olefin (MTO) reaction conversion. However, as a microporous molecular sieve, SAPO-34 easily generates carbon deposition and rapidly becomes inactivated. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the crystal size of the zeolite or to introduce secondary macropores into the zeolite crystal to form a hierarchical structure in order to improve the catalytic effect. In this review, the synthesis methods of conventional SAPO-34 molecular sieves, hierarchical SAPO-34 molecular sieves and nanosized SAPO-34 molecular sieves are introduced, and the properties of the synthesized SAPO-34 molecular sieves are described, including the phase, morphology, pore structure, acid source, and catalytic performance, in particular with respect to the synthesis of hierarchical SAPO-34 molecular sieves. We hope that the review can provide guidance to the preparation of the SAPO-34 catalysts, and stimulate the future development of high-performance hierarchical SAPO-34 catalysts to meet the growing demands of the material and chemical industries